Diabetes and fruits: What to include and how much

Diabetes and fruits: What to include and how much

Diabetes is a chronic health condition characterized by unstable blood sugar levels. While treatment and lifestyle changes help manage the disease, eating the right foods is essential. So, are fruits healthy for diabetes? Well, fruits have a lot of nutrients and phytochemicals, which are necessary for the body. But, they are also rich in sugar. Hence, diabetes patients must understand how to add fruits to their everyday meals. Here are some diabetes fruit intake tips.

Understand how fruits affect blood sugar
Fruits have a natural sugar called fructose, which breaks down quickly and gets absorbed by the liver. However, fructose can bypass a signal that indicates when the cells have consumed too much sugar. This is problematic for diabetic patients as the sugar levels can increase significantly after eating a lot of fructose.

The amount of fructose differs among fruits. So, certain varieties may raise sugar levels faster. But, it is challenging to measure sugar responses in patients. For some, eating bananas may not be an issue, but it may cause blood sugar levels to rise for others. Therefore, it is best to consider the fruit’s glycemic index (GI), which shows how quickly it will affect blood sugar. The numbers vary depending on how the fruits are prepared. Also, the riper the fruit, the higher the GI.

Know the list of acceptable fruits
Fruits cannot be segregated into “good” or “bad.” But for maximum nutritional value, one must keep an eye on their fiber content (high-fiber options are recommended) and choose a variety of fruits. According to one study, the greater the variety in fruits and vegetables, the lower the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Berries like strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries are beneficial for people with diabetes. They are rich in vitamin C, folic acid, fiber, and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals. Citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and limes, are rich in vitamin A, C, and potassium. The nutrients in citrus foods help decrease inflammation, minimize cell damage, and protect against cardiovascular diseases.

Keep an eye on portions
When including fruits in the diabetic meal plan, patients must stick to one serving per meal. One serving of fruit generally equals 15 grams of carbs. So, the amount one can eat depends on the type of fruit. This list indicates ideal serving sizes for common whole fruits:

  • Apple, orange, peach, pear, or plum: one small piece (or about four ounces)
  • Banana: half (medium-sized)
  • Tangerine: one large or two small (four ounces in total)
  • Kiwi: two small-sized (two ounces each)
  • Apricots: four small, about one ounce each
  • Cantaloupe, watermelon, or honeydew: one cup
  • Grapes or cherries: 17 small pieces
  • Mango: 1/3 portion (medium-sized)
  • Strawberries: 1 1/4 cup
  • Blueberries: 3/4 cup
  • Raspberries or blackberries: one cup
  • Raisins and dried cherries: two tablespoons

Other diabetes fruit intake tips to follow
Besides keeping the above points in mind, patients must :

  • Choose whole, fresh fruits rather than juices or canned fruit.
  • Pair fruits with protein or fat—for instance, top cottage cheese with pineapple or dip apple slices in nut butter or tahini.
  • Test blood sugar levels before and after eating fruits to understand the safe ones.
  • Speak to a doctor before changing a meal plan.
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Understanding arthritis – A common joint condition

The joints are constantly working while we move our limbs, so, understandably, people may develop certain joint conditions that cause pain and compromise mobility, especially with age. One of the common joint conditions is arthritis, which leads to joint inflammation and mild to severe pain. While there are several types of arthritis, the two most common types are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Stages Rheumatoid arthritis has four stages: Stage 1: At this stage, inflammation occurs inside the joints, and swelling, stiffness, and joint pain are the common symptoms. Stage 2: The inflammation of the joint lining, synovium, aggravates at this stage and results in cartilage damage. The affected joints’ range of motion is also compromised, causing pain and discomfort. Stage 3: At this stage, the severity of the joint condition increases, and it leads to bone damage. This results in more pain, loss of mobility, and weakness of muscles. The bones rubbing against each other can cause bone deformity as well. Stage 4: This is the final stage where the joints stop functioning completely. It leads to more pain, stiffness, and swelling, and the bones may even fuse, which is known as ankylosis. Osteoarthritis also has four stages of progression: Stage 1: Wear and tear may affect the knee joints, and minor spur growths on the affected bone can also be seen, but the condition does not cause too much pain at this stage. Stage 2: The bone spur growths increase and cause pain, and the knee joints become stiffer. Stage 3: This stage is characterized by joint inflammation leading to increased pain and stiffness. Walking can also cause popping sounds in the joints. Stage 4: The space between the bones in the joints becomes very narrow, causing the cartilage to wear down. Also, a chronic inflammatory response caused by the breakdown of cartilage aggravates discomfort and pain. Diagnosis of arthritis These joint conditions can be diagnosed using several tests. A physical examination reveals whether a patient has red, warm, and tender joints, and this test also helps examine the fluid around the joints. A rheumatologist can analyze the level of inflammation in the joints to determine the type of arthritis an individual is affected with. Also, blood tests are undertaken to check for antibodies like anti-CCP, rheumatoid factor, and antinuclear antibody. In addition, X-ray, CT scans, and MRI are also performed to check the condition of the cartilage and bones. Prevention of arthritis A family history of joint conditions like arthritis or aging can increase one’s risk of developing arthritis, but making certain lifestyle changes can also help lower the chances of developing the condition. To start with, one should include more foods with omega-3 fatty acids in their diet as these healthy fats are anti-inflammatory. One should also exercise regularly, keep their weight under check, reduce stress on their joints, and try to avoid injuries. Also, if one notices any symptoms of arthritis, they should consult a doctor immediately as early diagnosis goes a long way in managing the condition effectively through timely treatment.

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8 signs that indicate excess sugar intake

Sugar can be an addictive ingredient in food and drinks. With all the processed and fast food available at every store, it becomes difficult to avoid this component. While some are strict about their diet, some do not keep a tab on their daily sugar intake. Let’s look at some of the signs and symptoms that may point toward excess sugar intake in a diet. Weight gain Sugars tend to be used up by the body very quickly, leaving it hungry for more. Most processed foods and sugary treats do not have anything nutritious content in them - no protein, fiber, or healthy fats - to keep the body full and satiated. So consuming sugary foods or drinks is like consuming empty calories with no benefits. According to research, it was also observed that sweet beverages promoted weight gain in adults as well as children. High blood pressure Research suggests that too much sugar in the diet can lead to hypertension or high blood pressure in individuals. Studies observe that high glucose levels could be responsible for damaging the lining inside the blood cells, making it vulnerable for cholesterol to stick to them. This can cause the vessels to narrow down, making it difficult for blood to flow. Acne Sugar intake triggers androgen secretion, which results in break out on the skin. Not just acne, but high sugar content can also cause more wrinkles and make the skin dull. Drink lots of water to keep the skin hydrated and flush out the toxins that could affect the skin’s health. Low energy Since sugar is digested very quickly in the body, it can drain the body of its energy. It also then leads to craving more sugar, and the cycle becomes vicious with constant changes in energy levels in the body. This can lower the energy in the body. Sleep issues In a study published in 2019 in the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, sleep quality is inversely proportional to sugar consumption in individuals. The glycemic control needs to be in balance in order to maintain sleep quality. Irritability A study published in Medical Hypotheses in 2020 observed that high sugar intake led to increased inflammation in the body, bad mood, and symptoms of depressive mental health. After eating sugar, the insulin levels spike, decreasing the glucose levels in the bloodstream. This also affects the brain. It needs an optimal level of glucose in the body to function healthily. Sweet cravings Eating sweets triggers the dopamine levels in the body. These “happy hormones” are a result of sugar consumption which targets the pleasure senses in the brain called the mesocorticolimbic pathway. Also, the rise of dopamine levels in the body can itself lead to sweet cravings, so the whole process turns into a vicious cycle that is difficult to break. It is important to fill your cravings with whole foods that break this cycle. Joint pain This may not just be an age-related pain but a food-related one! Research suggests that about 24 percent of participants in a study who had rheumatoid arthritis said foods like desserts and sodas triggered pain in their joints. High amounts of sugar can cause systemic inflammation, which can affect the joints. Constant excessive sugar intake could also result in the development of lifestyle conditions such as diabetes. The federal medical insurance program, Medicare, covers diabetes self-management training services for people who are at high risk for diabetes, or those who have already received their diagnosis. Medicare Part B also grants access to regular diabetes screening tests, blood glucose monitors, and supplies such as lancet devices and test strips, as prescribed by the doctor. Further, excess sugar intake can cause other complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, where nerve damage may occur due to continuous high blood sugar levels. This may lead to pain, tingling, and chronic back pain.  When blood sugar reaches levels beyond 180 mg/dl, excess sugar leaks into the bladder. This increases sugar levels in the urine as well. Too much sugar in the urine can cause kidney damage, especially for those with diabetes. Diabetic patients with consistently high blood glucose levels are also at risk of developing diabetic macular edema and eye retinopathy. The former condition caused due to damage to retinal blood vessels, is similar to wet macular degeneration but has a slower progression. These conditions may lead to blurry vision or even blindness if not treated on time. Refined sugar found in processed foods can even cause stomach pain, cramping, bloating, and other problems. So, one may experience symptoms of digestive issues, such as liver damage, diarrhea, and gas, as a result of excessive sugar intake. It is advisable to seek timely professional assistance for defusing health complications related to one’s vital function of digestion. One can also consult a nutritionist to understand the ideal amount of sugar safe for the body. Apart from prescriptions, nutrition, and lifestyle changes to manage blood sugar, doctors may also suggest Tea Burn supplements for diabetes management, with a specific focus on maintaining a healthy BMI. Gummy supplements may also be recommended to help diabetics meet their nutritional needs. However, one must check the gummies’ sugar content and nutritional facts before use.  Scheduling an appointment with a certified healthcare expert is imperative for people with high blood sugar. Doctors can study the symptoms specified above to diagnose conditions like diabetes and thyroid problems accurately. Once diagnosed, the healthcare professional can help find the ideal treatment for the condition, easing recovery.

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