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4 ways to boost immunity against severe respiratory viruses

4 ways to boost immunity against severe respiratory viruses

While safeguarding public health has always been a key concern, recently, it has become all the more important with the emergence of new-age viruses such as COVID-19. One of the most prevalent strategies in protecting people against such emerging threats involves strengthening their immunity through certain lifestyle changes and preventive care. Here is a look at the impact of respiratory viruses and common approaches adopted today to improve immunity against these pathogens:

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on lung health. With the novel coronavirus primarily affecting the respiratory system, many who contracted the infection experienced symptoms ranging from mild cough to pneumonia. Further, studies have shown that COVID-19 even led to a range of pulmonary complications, including fibrosis (scarring of lung tissue), reduced lung function, and lasting inflammation. All of these factors further highlight the importance of bolstering immunity today.

Treatment options and preventive measures
Treatment options for respiratory viruses primarily revolve around preventive measures and vaccination. Vaccination plays a crucial role in reducing the spread and impact of viral infections by stimulating an immune response against the viruses. There are two main types of COVID-19 vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines, and non-mRNA vaccines, each designed to trigger an immune response without causing the disease. These vaccines, in combination with public health measures, continue to help achieve widespread immunity against viruses.

Here, Novavax is a pharmaceutical entity involved in vaccine development, and among its notable contributions is the NVX-CoV2373 COVID-19 vaccine. This is a non-mRNA option that relies on a traditional methodology of using a fragment of the virus’s spike protein to stimulate an immune response.

Nutrition-based changes
In addition to vaccination, proper nutrition is integral for strengthening the immune system. Following a balanced meal plan consisting of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats helps the body get essential nutrients. Here, vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc are known to have immunity-enhancing properties and can be found in citrus fruits, leafy greens, fatty fish, and nuts.

Home remedies
The following herbal remedies are believed to have immune-boosting properties.

– Ginger contains gingerol, a compound known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
– Garlic contains allicin, a compound with antimicrobial and immune-stimulating effects.
– Echinacea, a perennial herb, has a long history of use for its potential immune-enhancing properties.

Lifestyle changes
Regular physical exercise : Routine physical activity enhances blood circulation and facilitates the smooth movement of immune cells throughout the body. Here, striving for a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week can help improve overall health.

Adequate sleep: Deep sleep stages facilitate the production of cytokines—proteins crucial for immune functionality. So, one should aim for 7 to 9 hours of uninterrupted sleep every night to boost the body’s natural defense mechanisms.

Stress management: Chronic stress can weaken the immune system, making one more susceptible to infections. Here, relaxation techniques, such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, and yoga, can help lower stress levels.

Adequate hydration: Fluids aid in nutrient transportation to cells and the removal of waste products. So, maintaining consistent hydration by having enough water and fluids can help support the immune system.

Good hygiene: Adopting good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and ensuring proper sanitation, can protect one against contracting viral infections.

Vaccination can help protect against new-age viruses; however, nutrition- and lifestyle-based changes naturally strengthen the immune system. So, a comprehensive approach to health is the best way to reduce the risk of illnesses.

Sources:
https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/novavax-covid-vaccine
https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-novavax-vaccine-against-covid-19-what-you-need-to-know

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Understanding arthritis – A common joint condition

The joints are constantly working while we move our limbs, so, understandably, people may develop certain joint conditions that cause pain and compromise mobility, especially with age. One of the common joint conditions is arthritis, which leads to joint inflammation and mild to severe pain. While there are several types of arthritis, the two most common types are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Stages Rheumatoid arthritis has four stages: Stage 1: At this stage, inflammation occurs inside the joints, and swelling, stiffness, and joint pain are the common symptoms. Stage 2: The inflammation of the joint lining, synovium, aggravates at this stage and results in cartilage damage. The affected joints’ range of motion is also compromised, causing pain and discomfort. Stage 3: At this stage, the severity of the joint condition increases, and it leads to bone damage. This results in more pain, loss of mobility, and weakness of muscles. The bones rubbing against each other can cause bone deformity as well. Stage 4: This is the final stage where the joints stop functioning completely. It leads to more pain, stiffness, and swelling, and the bones may even fuse, which is known as ankylosis. Osteoarthritis also has four stages of progression: Stage 1: Wear and tear may affect the knee joints, and minor spur growths on the affected bone can also be seen, but the condition does not cause too much pain at this stage. Stage 2: The bone spur growths increase and cause pain, and the knee joints become stiffer. Stage 3: This stage is characterized by joint inflammation leading to increased pain and stiffness. Walking can also cause popping sounds in the joints. Stage 4: The space between the bones in the joints becomes very narrow, causing the cartilage to wear down. Also, a chronic inflammatory response caused by the breakdown of cartilage aggravates discomfort and pain. Diagnosis of arthritis These joint conditions can be diagnosed using several tests. A physical examination reveals whether a patient has red, warm, and tender joints, and this test also helps examine the fluid around the joints. A rheumatologist can analyze the level of inflammation in the joints to determine the type of arthritis an individual is affected with. Also, blood tests are undertaken to check for antibodies like anti-CCP, rheumatoid factor, and antinuclear antibody. In addition, X-ray, CT scans, and MRI are also performed to check the condition of the cartilage and bones. Prevention of arthritis A family history of joint conditions like arthritis or aging can increase one’s risk of developing arthritis, but making certain lifestyle changes can also help lower the chances of developing the condition. To start with, one should include more foods with omega-3 fatty acids in their diet as these healthy fats are anti-inflammatory. One should also exercise regularly, keep their weight under check, reduce stress on their joints, and try to avoid injuries. Also, if one notices any symptoms of arthritis, they should consult a doctor immediately as early diagnosis goes a long way in managing the condition effectively through timely treatment.

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10 common warning signs of heartburn

Heartburn is a symptom of acid reflux—a common digestive issue that can cause discomfort if left untreated. Here, the stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest and throat. While heartburn is usually a manageable condition, recognizing its early warning signs is crucial for preventing it from becoming a recurring issue and causing prolonged discomfort. So, here are a few warning signs of heartburn: Burning sensation in the chest One of the most common and unmistakable signs here is a burning sensation in the chest. This sensation itself is called heartburn because of its slight similarity to heart-related chest pain. This discomfort typically develops after eating a large meal, especially while lying down or bending over. Acidic taste in the mouth Those experiencing heartburn may experience an unpleasant, sour taste in their mouth. This is brought on by the stomach acid backing up into the esophagus and leaving a bitter or acidic taste. Regurgitation Along with the acidic taste, those with heartburn may occasionally expel small amounts of stomach contents into their mouth or throat, which can be uncomfortable. Difficulty swallowing Heartburn can make it difficult to swallow foods. This symptom is known as dysphagia. It develops when the inflammation and irritation in the esophagus make it challenging to let food and liquids move into the stomach. Persistent cough Sudden bouts of cough, especially at night or after meals, can be an early sign of heartburn. This cough develops when the stomach acid irritates the back of the throat and triggers a reflex to clear the airways. Hoarseness and sore throat Heartburn can lead to a hoarse voice and a persistent sore throat, as the irritation caused by stomach acid can affect the vocal cords and the throat. Shortness of breath Those with heartburn may experience wheezing and shortness of breath, which can mimic asthma symptoms. Here, the acid irritates the airways, causing them to constrict and cause respiratory issues. Excessive salivation Overproduction of saliva, known as hypersalivation, can also be a sign of heartburn. Here, the body responds to the irritation in the esophagus by producing more saliva to neutralize the acid. Chest pain While heartburn is not associated with the heart, acid reflux can cause chest pain that may be mistaken for a heart attack. This pain is typically a burning sensation or discomfort in the chest area and is often relieved by prescription treatment for acid reflux and changes in posture. Nighttime symptoms Heartburn symptoms can worsen at night when one is lying down. So, one may feel a burning sensation in the chest, stomach, and throat at night. If one frequently notices this sensation while sleeping or upon waking up, they should consult a doctor and seek appropriate treatment. Recognizing the signs of heartburn is crucial for managing this common digestive issue effectively. Further, by taking steps to identify and address these symptoms, one can reduce the discomfort associated with heartburn and prevent it from becoming a recurring problem. So, if the issue persists or worsens despite lifestyle changes, one should seek medical advice.

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